Henry VIII – Cause for Celebration?

Henry VIIINicola here. Today is the 510th anniversary of the coronation of Henry VIII. Despite my very mixed feelings about Henry and his Dad, it feels like the sort of occasion I can’t ignore, particularly as my next timeslip is set in the Tudor period, albeit later in the reign of Henry’s younger daughter, Elizabeth. A decade ago, when it was the quincentenary of Henry's coronation, there were a number of celebrations to mark the occasion. But is Henry someone who we want to celebrate?

Henry VIII bestrides English history like a colossus both in terms of physical size and reputation. Not many kings or queens can compete with his fame. Was this solely down to the fact that he had six wives and beheaded two of them? A number of other British monarchs have had more than one spouse but none of them make the headlines (sorry, bad pun) like Henry still does. As someone who enjoys exploring the myths and legends about historical characters as much as I enjoy the “real” history, I thought I’d take a look at “Why is Henry VIII still so big” (in the sense of popular culture.) I call it “the afterlife” of Henry VIII.

Henry was born on 28 June 1491, the second son of Henry VII and Elizabeth of York. His elder brother Arthur had died in 1502. Henry Jousting was the “spare” and was not expected to be king. Arthur had been given the name of a legendary British leader as a deliberate piece of propaganda for the new Tudor dynasty but in the event it was Henry who succeeded his father when he was eighteen years old. As a young man he was described in glowing terms: “After dinner, we were taken to the King [Henry VIII] …conversed for a very long while very familiarly, on various subjects, in good Latin and in French, which he speaks very well indeed… His Majesty is the handsomest potentate I ever set eyes on; above the usual height, with an extremely fine calf to his leg, his complexion very fair and bright, with auburn hair combed straight and short, in the French fashion, his throat being rather long and thick… He speaks French, English, and Latin, and a little Italian, plays well on the lute and harpsichord, sings from book at sight, draws the bow with greater strength than any man in England, and jousts marvellously. Believe me, he is in every respect a most accomplished Prince.”

RievaulxHowever, over the years of his reign, many things changed. His temper became more mercurial. He grew increasingly corpulent to the point that he had a 52 inch waist and weighed about 28 stone. He had married six times and was said to be contemplating a seventh marriage when he died. It is those things he is widely remembered for. Amongst other things though, he had also separated England from papal authority and dissolved the monasteries (that is the ruins of Rievaulx abbey in the photograph) he oversaw the official unification of England and Wales and mounted a number of military campaigns. Plus he built orenhanced a number of very beautiful palaces.

Perhaps it is simply that the soap opera of his personal life eclipses everything else in popular memory. Over the years he has Henry featured heavily (no pun intended) in films and TV programmes and most of them focus on his relationships. From the 1911 silent film Henry VIII, to The Private Life of Henry VIII, which was made in 1933 with Charles Laughton as Henry, to Carry on Henry in 1971 with Sid James playing him as a loveable rogue, all Henry’s are different. Audiences over the years want different things: Each age looks at historical figures in their own way. The TV show The Tudors divided opinion by the way in which is sacrificed historical fact for entertainment, but it was very popular. These days there is so much more emphasis on women’s history so many of the stories are told from the perspective of the wives. The musical Six mixes up this Tudor blend and describes it as a remix of “500 years of historical heartbreak into a 75 minute celebration of 21st century girl power.” Somehow I don’t see Henry coming out of that too well!

GaudyOf course, this is nothing new really. One of the first historical novels I read was Brief Gaudy Hour, by Margaret Campbell Barnes, about Anne Boleyn, and as a teen I gobbled up stories about Henry’s wives. They really were amongst my first historical loves, especially Anne Boleyn! The wives' stories always seemed more compelling than the king's for some reason.

Henry has had his admirers down the years but also those who have named him as an out and out villain. Charles Dickens summed up this view: "He was a most intolerable ruffian, a disgrace to human nature, and a blot of blood and grease upon the History of England."

Finally it may be a time when there is a lot of focus on women in history but it’s also a time when book titles sometimes define women in relation to men as daughters or wives. In that situation it’s also a rather nice reversal to think that Henry is to a large extent defined by his wives and of course by his daughter, that great English monarch Queen Elizabeth I!

Are you a fan of Henry VIII? Do you have a favourite film or TV depiction of him and his reign, or a favourite book set in the Tudor era?

65 thoughts on “Henry VIII – Cause for Celebration?”

  1. Enjoyed this post, Nicola. I still think there’s a lot to be learned about Henry. He moved from golden prince to ruthless king, who didn’t just get rid of his wives, he also turned on old friends and mentors. I wonder, was that a case of absolute power corrupting absolutely, or something else?
    My favorite actor for Henry was Ray Winstone, who played him as a thug.

    Reply
  2. Enjoyed this post, Nicola. I still think there’s a lot to be learned about Henry. He moved from golden prince to ruthless king, who didn’t just get rid of his wives, he also turned on old friends and mentors. I wonder, was that a case of absolute power corrupting absolutely, or something else?
    My favorite actor for Henry was Ray Winstone, who played him as a thug.

    Reply
  3. Enjoyed this post, Nicola. I still think there’s a lot to be learned about Henry. He moved from golden prince to ruthless king, who didn’t just get rid of his wives, he also turned on old friends and mentors. I wonder, was that a case of absolute power corrupting absolutely, or something else?
    My favorite actor for Henry was Ray Winstone, who played him as a thug.

    Reply
  4. Enjoyed this post, Nicola. I still think there’s a lot to be learned about Henry. He moved from golden prince to ruthless king, who didn’t just get rid of his wives, he also turned on old friends and mentors. I wonder, was that a case of absolute power corrupting absolutely, or something else?
    My favorite actor for Henry was Ray Winstone, who played him as a thug.

    Reply
  5. Enjoyed this post, Nicola. I still think there’s a lot to be learned about Henry. He moved from golden prince to ruthless king, who didn’t just get rid of his wives, he also turned on old friends and mentors. I wonder, was that a case of absolute power corrupting absolutely, or something else?
    My favorite actor for Henry was Ray Winstone, who played him as a thug.

    Reply
  6. Brief Gaudy Hour was my introduction to the Tudors, too. I’ve written novels (as Kate Emerson) in which Henry has a major role, but my focus has been on his alleged mistresses. I see comparisons between Henry and some of the “entitled” rich kids (and “old white guys”) we have in the US today. Not necessarily bad to start with, but certainly corrupted as time went on by the knowledge that no one was going to be able to tell him “no.”

    Reply
  7. Brief Gaudy Hour was my introduction to the Tudors, too. I’ve written novels (as Kate Emerson) in which Henry has a major role, but my focus has been on his alleged mistresses. I see comparisons between Henry and some of the “entitled” rich kids (and “old white guys”) we have in the US today. Not necessarily bad to start with, but certainly corrupted as time went on by the knowledge that no one was going to be able to tell him “no.”

    Reply
  8. Brief Gaudy Hour was my introduction to the Tudors, too. I’ve written novels (as Kate Emerson) in which Henry has a major role, but my focus has been on his alleged mistresses. I see comparisons between Henry and some of the “entitled” rich kids (and “old white guys”) we have in the US today. Not necessarily bad to start with, but certainly corrupted as time went on by the knowledge that no one was going to be able to tell him “no.”

    Reply
  9. Brief Gaudy Hour was my introduction to the Tudors, too. I’ve written novels (as Kate Emerson) in which Henry has a major role, but my focus has been on his alleged mistresses. I see comparisons between Henry and some of the “entitled” rich kids (and “old white guys”) we have in the US today. Not necessarily bad to start with, but certainly corrupted as time went on by the knowledge that no one was going to be able to tell him “no.”

    Reply
  10. Brief Gaudy Hour was my introduction to the Tudors, too. I’ve written novels (as Kate Emerson) in which Henry has a major role, but my focus has been on his alleged mistresses. I see comparisons between Henry and some of the “entitled” rich kids (and “old white guys”) we have in the US today. Not necessarily bad to start with, but certainly corrupted as time went on by the knowledge that no one was going to be able to tell him “no.”

    Reply
  11. I can’t say that I’m fond of any of the Tudors, though I feel a certain sympathy for Mary. But then, the only English monarch I much like is Charles II, who seems to have had a sense of humor.
    I think my favorite portrayal of Henry was Robert Shaw in A Man fro All Seasons. He played the king as a bluff, hearty fellow, absolutely certain that everyone loved him, and completely oblivious to the needs and desires of other people.

    Reply
  12. I can’t say that I’m fond of any of the Tudors, though I feel a certain sympathy for Mary. But then, the only English monarch I much like is Charles II, who seems to have had a sense of humor.
    I think my favorite portrayal of Henry was Robert Shaw in A Man fro All Seasons. He played the king as a bluff, hearty fellow, absolutely certain that everyone loved him, and completely oblivious to the needs and desires of other people.

    Reply
  13. I can’t say that I’m fond of any of the Tudors, though I feel a certain sympathy for Mary. But then, the only English monarch I much like is Charles II, who seems to have had a sense of humor.
    I think my favorite portrayal of Henry was Robert Shaw in A Man fro All Seasons. He played the king as a bluff, hearty fellow, absolutely certain that everyone loved him, and completely oblivious to the needs and desires of other people.

    Reply
  14. I can’t say that I’m fond of any of the Tudors, though I feel a certain sympathy for Mary. But then, the only English monarch I much like is Charles II, who seems to have had a sense of humor.
    I think my favorite portrayal of Henry was Robert Shaw in A Man fro All Seasons. He played the king as a bluff, hearty fellow, absolutely certain that everyone loved him, and completely oblivious to the needs and desires of other people.

    Reply
  15. I can’t say that I’m fond of any of the Tudors, though I feel a certain sympathy for Mary. But then, the only English monarch I much like is Charles II, who seems to have had a sense of humor.
    I think my favorite portrayal of Henry was Robert Shaw in A Man fro All Seasons. He played the king as a bluff, hearty fellow, absolutely certain that everyone loved him, and completely oblivious to the needs and desires of other people.

    Reply
  16. Henry VIII is not my most favorite of the British ruler, as I prefer Elizabeth. He was certainly a deeply flawed person. But any ruler of that time had to be fairly ruthless in order to stay on the throne. I recently watched “the white queen” and “the white princess” which dealt with several of the main characters in this drama. I thought them extremely well done. I am planning to see the follow up series “the spanish princess” which will be the first years of marriage of Henry to Catherine of Aragon. I enjoyed this post, Nicola.

    Reply
  17. Henry VIII is not my most favorite of the British ruler, as I prefer Elizabeth. He was certainly a deeply flawed person. But any ruler of that time had to be fairly ruthless in order to stay on the throne. I recently watched “the white queen” and “the white princess” which dealt with several of the main characters in this drama. I thought them extremely well done. I am planning to see the follow up series “the spanish princess” which will be the first years of marriage of Henry to Catherine of Aragon. I enjoyed this post, Nicola.

    Reply
  18. Henry VIII is not my most favorite of the British ruler, as I prefer Elizabeth. He was certainly a deeply flawed person. But any ruler of that time had to be fairly ruthless in order to stay on the throne. I recently watched “the white queen” and “the white princess” which dealt with several of the main characters in this drama. I thought them extremely well done. I am planning to see the follow up series “the spanish princess” which will be the first years of marriage of Henry to Catherine of Aragon. I enjoyed this post, Nicola.

    Reply
  19. Henry VIII is not my most favorite of the British ruler, as I prefer Elizabeth. He was certainly a deeply flawed person. But any ruler of that time had to be fairly ruthless in order to stay on the throne. I recently watched “the white queen” and “the white princess” which dealt with several of the main characters in this drama. I thought them extremely well done. I am planning to see the follow up series “the spanish princess” which will be the first years of marriage of Henry to Catherine of Aragon. I enjoyed this post, Nicola.

    Reply
  20. Henry VIII is not my most favorite of the British ruler, as I prefer Elizabeth. He was certainly a deeply flawed person. But any ruler of that time had to be fairly ruthless in order to stay on the throne. I recently watched “the white queen” and “the white princess” which dealt with several of the main characters in this drama. I thought them extremely well done. I am planning to see the follow up series “the spanish princess” which will be the first years of marriage of Henry to Catherine of Aragon. I enjoyed this post, Nicola.

    Reply
  21. Yes, it’s an intriguing question, Anne. I’ve often wondered how he could have cut Thomas More, for example, adrift so ruthlessly.
    I enjoyed the Ray Winstone version too!

    Reply
  22. Yes, it’s an intriguing question, Anne. I’ve often wondered how he could have cut Thomas More, for example, adrift so ruthlessly.
    I enjoyed the Ray Winstone version too!

    Reply
  23. Yes, it’s an intriguing question, Anne. I’ve often wondered how he could have cut Thomas More, for example, adrift so ruthlessly.
    I enjoyed the Ray Winstone version too!

    Reply
  24. Yes, it’s an intriguing question, Anne. I’ve often wondered how he could have cut Thomas More, for example, adrift so ruthlessly.
    I enjoyed the Ray Winstone version too!

    Reply
  25. Yes, it’s an intriguing question, Anne. I’ve often wondered how he could have cut Thomas More, for example, adrift so ruthlessly.
    I enjoyed the Ray Winstone version too!

    Reply
  26. Interesting point about the sense of humour, Lil! I would say that Charles definitely had one and I do wonder about the other monarchs. It isn’t something you hear about that often although I suppose that had their “fools.” Hmm, that’s another good blog topic – which monarchs do you think had a sense of humour?

    Reply
  27. Interesting point about the sense of humour, Lil! I would say that Charles definitely had one and I do wonder about the other monarchs. It isn’t something you hear about that often although I suppose that had their “fools.” Hmm, that’s another good blog topic – which monarchs do you think had a sense of humour?

    Reply
  28. Interesting point about the sense of humour, Lil! I would say that Charles definitely had one and I do wonder about the other monarchs. It isn’t something you hear about that often although I suppose that had their “fools.” Hmm, that’s another good blog topic – which monarchs do you think had a sense of humour?

    Reply
  29. Interesting point about the sense of humour, Lil! I would say that Charles definitely had one and I do wonder about the other monarchs. It isn’t something you hear about that often although I suppose that had their “fools.” Hmm, that’s another good blog topic – which monarchs do you think had a sense of humour?

    Reply
  30. Interesting point about the sense of humour, Lil! I would say that Charles definitely had one and I do wonder about the other monarchs. It isn’t something you hear about that often although I suppose that had their “fools.” Hmm, that’s another good blog topic – which monarchs do you think had a sense of humour?

    Reply
  31. Thanks. Kathy, I am so glad you enjoyed it. I must admit that I don’t much care for Henry or his father but I completely agree about the need for ruthlessness if you were going to rule. I admire that, up to a point.
    I’ve also enjoyed Phillipa Gregory’s Wars of the Roses series and read and enjoyed the book about Catherine, which took a slightly different slant from some other books about her. It’s a topic that people keep on writing about even though it’s been done so much. Perennially fascinating!

    Reply
  32. Thanks. Kathy, I am so glad you enjoyed it. I must admit that I don’t much care for Henry or his father but I completely agree about the need for ruthlessness if you were going to rule. I admire that, up to a point.
    I’ve also enjoyed Phillipa Gregory’s Wars of the Roses series and read and enjoyed the book about Catherine, which took a slightly different slant from some other books about her. It’s a topic that people keep on writing about even though it’s been done so much. Perennially fascinating!

    Reply
  33. Thanks. Kathy, I am so glad you enjoyed it. I must admit that I don’t much care for Henry or his father but I completely agree about the need for ruthlessness if you were going to rule. I admire that, up to a point.
    I’ve also enjoyed Phillipa Gregory’s Wars of the Roses series and read and enjoyed the book about Catherine, which took a slightly different slant from some other books about her. It’s a topic that people keep on writing about even though it’s been done so much. Perennially fascinating!

    Reply
  34. Thanks. Kathy, I am so glad you enjoyed it. I must admit that I don’t much care for Henry or his father but I completely agree about the need for ruthlessness if you were going to rule. I admire that, up to a point.
    I’ve also enjoyed Phillipa Gregory’s Wars of the Roses series and read and enjoyed the book about Catherine, which took a slightly different slant from some other books about her. It’s a topic that people keep on writing about even though it’s been done so much. Perennially fascinating!

    Reply
  35. Thanks. Kathy, I am so glad you enjoyed it. I must admit that I don’t much care for Henry or his father but I completely agree about the need for ruthlessness if you were going to rule. I admire that, up to a point.
    I’ve also enjoyed Phillipa Gregory’s Wars of the Roses series and read and enjoyed the book about Catherine, which took a slightly different slant from some other books about her. It’s a topic that people keep on writing about even though it’s been done so much. Perennially fascinating!

    Reply
  36. Great post Nicola. I love the quote from Dickens. Hadn’t heard it before. I think he got it spot on:) Don’t really have a favorite film portrayal of him but thought Charles Laughton did a good job aside from all the tomfoolery in the plot.

    Reply
  37. Great post Nicola. I love the quote from Dickens. Hadn’t heard it before. I think he got it spot on:) Don’t really have a favorite film portrayal of him but thought Charles Laughton did a good job aside from all the tomfoolery in the plot.

    Reply
  38. Great post Nicola. I love the quote from Dickens. Hadn’t heard it before. I think he got it spot on:) Don’t really have a favorite film portrayal of him but thought Charles Laughton did a good job aside from all the tomfoolery in the plot.

    Reply
  39. Great post Nicola. I love the quote from Dickens. Hadn’t heard it before. I think he got it spot on:) Don’t really have a favorite film portrayal of him but thought Charles Laughton did a good job aside from all the tomfoolery in the plot.

    Reply
  40. Great post Nicola. I love the quote from Dickens. Hadn’t heard it before. I think he got it spot on:) Don’t really have a favorite film portrayal of him but thought Charles Laughton did a good job aside from all the tomfoolery in the plot.

    Reply
  41. What has always struck be about the Anne Boleyn, and Catherine Howard was their ages. They were so very young. The other person who I always thought was interesting was Lady Rochford. For me, Lady Rochford has always fallen into the “what was she thinking” category.

    Reply
  42. What has always struck be about the Anne Boleyn, and Catherine Howard was their ages. They were so very young. The other person who I always thought was interesting was Lady Rochford. For me, Lady Rochford has always fallen into the “what was she thinking” category.

    Reply
  43. What has always struck be about the Anne Boleyn, and Catherine Howard was their ages. They were so very young. The other person who I always thought was interesting was Lady Rochford. For me, Lady Rochford has always fallen into the “what was she thinking” category.

    Reply
  44. What has always struck be about the Anne Boleyn, and Catherine Howard was their ages. They were so very young. The other person who I always thought was interesting was Lady Rochford. For me, Lady Rochford has always fallen into the “what was she thinking” category.

    Reply
  45. What has always struck be about the Anne Boleyn, and Catherine Howard was their ages. They were so very young. The other person who I always thought was interesting was Lady Rochford. For me, Lady Rochford has always fallen into the “what was she thinking” category.

    Reply
  46. Thank you, Teresa, I’m glad you liked it! Dickens was a bit scathing, wasn’t he! I quite liked the Charles Laughton version too – I’d forgotten about the tomfoolery!

    Reply
  47. Thank you, Teresa, I’m glad you liked it! Dickens was a bit scathing, wasn’t he! I quite liked the Charles Laughton version too – I’d forgotten about the tomfoolery!

    Reply
  48. Thank you, Teresa, I’m glad you liked it! Dickens was a bit scathing, wasn’t he! I quite liked the Charles Laughton version too – I’d forgotten about the tomfoolery!

    Reply
  49. Thank you, Teresa, I’m glad you liked it! Dickens was a bit scathing, wasn’t he! I quite liked the Charles Laughton version too – I’d forgotten about the tomfoolery!

    Reply
  50. Thank you, Teresa, I’m glad you liked it! Dickens was a bit scathing, wasn’t he! I quite liked the Charles Laughton version too – I’d forgotten about the tomfoolery!

    Reply
  51. Oh yes, what an interesting character she was, wasn’t she, Kay! I would LOVE to have a chat with her to try and find out what really went on there.

    Reply
  52. Oh yes, what an interesting character she was, wasn’t she, Kay! I would LOVE to have a chat with her to try and find out what really went on there.

    Reply
  53. Oh yes, what an interesting character she was, wasn’t she, Kay! I would LOVE to have a chat with her to try and find out what really went on there.

    Reply
  54. Oh yes, what an interesting character she was, wasn’t she, Kay! I would LOVE to have a chat with her to try and find out what really went on there.

    Reply
  55. Oh yes, what an interesting character she was, wasn’t she, Kay! I would LOVE to have a chat with her to try and find out what really went on there.

    Reply
  56. I agree with Kay, Anne Boleyn and Catherine Howard would be considered child brides today.
    Henry portrayed by Keith Michel was my favorite. I think he made him a more complete human rather than some other portrayals.
    As far as the actual Henry. If you consider human nature, he started out as a golden boy. He was driven to do well and overcome being the spare who was never expected to be king. And then, like many of the celebrities we see today, he began to believe his press. When he was challenged in any way, I think he truly believed that he was supreme.
    And finally, he may have become a son of a gun, but his genes produced one of the most impressive women rulers ever. I believe that her intelligence and sense of who she was came from watching him. And, when you get down to it, she also was someone who did not take kindly to anyone who challenged her power.

    Reply
  57. I agree with Kay, Anne Boleyn and Catherine Howard would be considered child brides today.
    Henry portrayed by Keith Michel was my favorite. I think he made him a more complete human rather than some other portrayals.
    As far as the actual Henry. If you consider human nature, he started out as a golden boy. He was driven to do well and overcome being the spare who was never expected to be king. And then, like many of the celebrities we see today, he began to believe his press. When he was challenged in any way, I think he truly believed that he was supreme.
    And finally, he may have become a son of a gun, but his genes produced one of the most impressive women rulers ever. I believe that her intelligence and sense of who she was came from watching him. And, when you get down to it, she also was someone who did not take kindly to anyone who challenged her power.

    Reply
  58. I agree with Kay, Anne Boleyn and Catherine Howard would be considered child brides today.
    Henry portrayed by Keith Michel was my favorite. I think he made him a more complete human rather than some other portrayals.
    As far as the actual Henry. If you consider human nature, he started out as a golden boy. He was driven to do well and overcome being the spare who was never expected to be king. And then, like many of the celebrities we see today, he began to believe his press. When he was challenged in any way, I think he truly believed that he was supreme.
    And finally, he may have become a son of a gun, but his genes produced one of the most impressive women rulers ever. I believe that her intelligence and sense of who she was came from watching him. And, when you get down to it, she also was someone who did not take kindly to anyone who challenged her power.

    Reply
  59. I agree with Kay, Anne Boleyn and Catherine Howard would be considered child brides today.
    Henry portrayed by Keith Michel was my favorite. I think he made him a more complete human rather than some other portrayals.
    As far as the actual Henry. If you consider human nature, he started out as a golden boy. He was driven to do well and overcome being the spare who was never expected to be king. And then, like many of the celebrities we see today, he began to believe his press. When he was challenged in any way, I think he truly believed that he was supreme.
    And finally, he may have become a son of a gun, but his genes produced one of the most impressive women rulers ever. I believe that her intelligence and sense of who she was came from watching him. And, when you get down to it, she also was someone who did not take kindly to anyone who challenged her power.

    Reply
  60. I agree with Kay, Anne Boleyn and Catherine Howard would be considered child brides today.
    Henry portrayed by Keith Michel was my favorite. I think he made him a more complete human rather than some other portrayals.
    As far as the actual Henry. If you consider human nature, he started out as a golden boy. He was driven to do well and overcome being the spare who was never expected to be king. And then, like many of the celebrities we see today, he began to believe his press. When he was challenged in any way, I think he truly believed that he was supreme.
    And finally, he may have become a son of a gun, but his genes produced one of the most impressive women rulers ever. I believe that her intelligence and sense of who she was came from watching him. And, when you get down to it, she also was someone who did not take kindly to anyone who challenged her power.

    Reply
  61. Hi Annette. I agree Keith Michel gave Henry’s character a lot of depth. I haven’t seen the film for years but I remember being struck by that at the time.
    I think Elizabeth had a lot of both of her parents in her!

    Reply
  62. Hi Annette. I agree Keith Michel gave Henry’s character a lot of depth. I haven’t seen the film for years but I remember being struck by that at the time.
    I think Elizabeth had a lot of both of her parents in her!

    Reply
  63. Hi Annette. I agree Keith Michel gave Henry’s character a lot of depth. I haven’t seen the film for years but I remember being struck by that at the time.
    I think Elizabeth had a lot of both of her parents in her!

    Reply
  64. Hi Annette. I agree Keith Michel gave Henry’s character a lot of depth. I haven’t seen the film for years but I remember being struck by that at the time.
    I think Elizabeth had a lot of both of her parents in her!

    Reply
  65. Hi Annette. I agree Keith Michel gave Henry’s character a lot of depth. I haven’t seen the film for years but I remember being struck by that at the time.
    I think Elizabeth had a lot of both of her parents in her!

    Reply

Leave a Comment